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Laurentian language
Laurentian, or St. Lawrence Iroquoian, was an Iroquoian language spoken until the late 16th century along the shores of the Saint Lawrence River in present-day Quebec and Ontario, Canada. It is believed to have disappeared with the extinction of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians, likely as a result of warfare by the more powerful Mohawk from the ''Haudenosaunee'' or Iroquois Confederacy to the south, in present-day New York state of the United States.
==History==
(詳細はJacques Cartier observed in 1535 and 1536 about a dozen villages in the valley between Stadacona and Hochelega, the sites of the modern cities of Quebec City and Montreal.〔Jacques Cartier. (1545). ''(Relation originale de Jacques Cartier )''. Paris: Tross (1863 edition)〕 Archeologists have unearthed other villages farther west, near the eastern end of Lake Ontario. St. Lawrence Iroquoians lived in villages which were usually located a few kilometres inland from the Saint-Lawrence River, and were often enclosed by a wooden palisade. Up to 2000 persons lived in the larger villages.
By the time the explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1608, however, he found no trace of the Iroquoians visited by Jacques Cartier some 75 years earlier.〔(James F. Pendergast. (1998). "The Confusing Identities Attributed to Stadacona and Hochelaga" ), ''Journal of Canadian Studies'', Volume 32, p. 149, accessed 3 Feb 2010〕 Scholars have developed several theories to explain the complete disappearance of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians, among them devastating wars waged by the Mohawk from the south, epidemics of Old World infectious diseases, or migration towards the Great Lakes region. Archeological evidence points most strongly to devastating wars with neighbouring Iroquoian tribes, the Huron and the nations of the Iroquois League, especially the Mohawk.〔(Bruce G. Trigger, "The Disappearance of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians" ), in ''The Children of Aataenstic: A History of the Huron People to 1660'', vol. 2], Montreal and London: Mcgill-Queen's University Press, 1976, pp. 214-218, 220-224, accessed 2 Feb 2010〕
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